In the machining, the cutting between the toolthe material produces chips. Cutting parameterstool wear can affect the colorshape of the chips. According to the observer＇s experience, the cutting conditions for chip formation can be known. It means that using cutting chips to decide wear of cutting tools is theoretically a feasible method.

Diabetes is now still an incurable disease. Beta cell failure is one of common causes. No drugs for this failure have been developed. This invention is to developapply PS1 to treatreverse diabetes. PS1 is a first-in-class small-molecule drug, which targets beta cells by improving their survivalfunction. As a result, PS1 can treatreverse diabetes. The anti-diabetic mechanism of

A new emission model of organic light-emitting diode (OLED) based on triplet-triplet annihilation upconversion (TTAUC) with a high intrinsic upconversion efficiency (86.1) by using tris-(8-hydroxyquinoline)aluminum (Alq3)9,10-Bis(2-naphthyl)anthracene (ADN) as green sensitizerblue emitter, respectively. This structure improved the device efficiencyoperation lifetime compared to the conventional TTA-OLEDs. A record-high efficiency of 15.4EQEa 1.5x lifetime performance comparing to the commercial blue OLED are obtained by utilizing the TTAUC mechanism.