Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is a useful analytical technique for detecting extremely small amounts of molecules. Herein, we designed a paper-based quasi-three-dimensional SERS substrate (P-SERS) that can provide potential to improve Raman analyses for food safety, pesticide poisoning, precision medicine, drug abuse and DNA/RNA testing. The sensitive, low-cost, flexible and disposable SERS substrate could be easily fabricated by physical deposition of gold nanoparticles array onto a filter paper. In this case, we are able to create non-continuous Au islands on the fiber surfaces, where the gaps between AuNPs can dramatically generate the high electric field to enhance Raman signal of target molecules.

R3CE (Rapid, Reproducible, Rare Cell 3D Expansion) is a clinically validated platform capable of generating single cell-derived organoids within one to four weeks. It outperforms currently 3D culture technologies in terms of yields, time to form organoids,easiness of operation. It also demonstrates similar yieldscost structure to 2D culture protocols. R3CE is ready for drug testing for all clinical samplesprovides sufficient quantity of genomic samples derived from cancer patients. It would help conduct clinical cancer treatment in the translational study.