In this research, we developed two platforms for analyzing mitochondrial stress. One is to use CRISPR/Cas9 editing to mark a variety of mitochondrial proteins in C. elegansmammalian cells for in vivo assessing mitochondrial functions. Another one is to establish a light-induced DNA damage specifically in mitochondria. In the meanwhile, we also developed a method to 

1. Genetic systems that allow tissue-specific mitochondrial manipulation in intact animals.
2. Light-induced DNA damage specific to mitochondria without affecting nuclear genome.
3. Quantitation of four dNTP pools by click reaction without radio-isotopesophisticated instrumentation.
4. The first demonstration for the use of 5FUd at nM concentration against Candida infection.

1. Transgenic C. elegans strains with fluorecent reporters of mitochondrial functions can be useful for screens of small compounds that alter mitochondrial stress responsesfunctions.
2. The TFAM-KillerRed system can be used for developing mitochondrial drug.
3. Quantitation of four dNTP pools by click reaction can be used in a high throughput analysis in understanding the drug action.
4. 5FUd can be used for combatting drug resistant Candida infection.

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